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Latin Name: Bromus Tectorum
Common Name: Downy Brome
Other Names: Cheat, cheatgrass, downy cheat
Pest Details
Origin:
Introduced from the Mediterranean in packing materials, and now widely distributed throughout North America.
Biology:
A noxious weed along roadsides, pastures, and in many crop settings, but also a primary forage plant for livestock in some mountain environments. It is a winter annual that reproduces from seeds, with seeds germinating in the winter or late fall.
Identification:
Mature plants grow to almost 3 feet tall in thick, aggressive clumps. Stems are erect and have prominent nodes that are sometimes reddish to purple in color. Leaves are broad and flat, and covered with short, soft hairs. A papery ligule is prominent at the base of the leaf where it attaches to the stem. Flower heads are large and widely opened, drooping with the weight of the seeds as they mature, and causing all the seeds to form
Latin Name: Eclipta Prostrata
Common Name: Eclipta
Other Names: False daisy, yerba-de-tago
Pest Details
Origin:
Native to the eastern United States, but now spread throughout the country, most commonly found in the southern U.S.
Biology:
An annual that sometimes will act as a biennial. It is found primarily in very wet locations such as along the banks of rivers or canals, as well as such places that will dry out later in the season. It also is a pest weed in many crop environments where irrigation is heavy. Propagation is from seeds, although stems will root at the nodes.
Identification:
Mature plants have stems that may grow to 2 feet long, but in general they are weak and tend to lay along the soil, branching up at the terminal ends and rising to form a fairly bushy appearance in larger plants. Stems will root at the nodes where they contact the soil. Both leaves and stems have a rough texture due
Latin Name: Panicum Dichotomiflorum
Common Name: Fall Panicum
Other Names: Western witchgrass, smooth witchgrass, sprouting crabgrass
Pest Details
Origin:
Native to central and eastern United States, now spread throughout the western states as well.
Biology:
A summer annual grass which propagates by seed. Seeds germinate in mid to late spring. Where the lower stem nodes touch the soil it will also develop roots, creating a much thicker bunch for an individual plant. An aggressive weed species, now widespread in cropland and pastures, as well as turf and landscape and roadside areas.
Identification:
Mature plants grow to 3 feet tall, and have stems that are noticeably bent at their bases. Stems also have a waxy appearance. Leaves are smooth on upper and lower surfaces, but are dull above and shiny on the under surface, and around ¾ inch wide. At the base of the leaf there is a ligule composed of a dense
Latin Name: Convolvulus Arvensis
Common Name: Field Bindweed
Other Names: Small bindweed, bindweed, morningglory, wild morningglory, field morningglory, orchard morningglory, creeping jenny, creeping charlie, European bindweed, greenvine, cornbind.
Pest Details
Origin:
Native to Eurasia but introduced to the United States, where it occurs throughout the continent, and is considered to be one of the most troublesome weeds here and throughout the world.
Biology:
A perennial with extremely strong and extensive roots. Bindweed grows as twining vines, with stems well over 5 feet long and roots penetrating well below 20 feet in depth. Reproduction is from seeds or rhizomes, and pieces of the rhizomes spread by cultivation or on equipment easily regrow as new plants. Both seeds and rhizomes begin growth in early spring. Foliage may be toxic to some livestock, such as hogs.
Identification:
Mature plants, on
Latin Name: Thlaspi Arvense
Common Name: Field Pennycress
Other Names: Fan weed, penny cress, French weed, stink weed, bastard cress
Pest Details
Origin:
Introduced from Europe and now found throughout the United States. It grows commonly in grain fields and pastures, and the strong odor of the plant causes a bitter flavored milk from livestock that eat it.
Biology:
A winter or summer annual, beginning as a rosette of basal leaves and then producing the tall, branched stems that produce the flowers. Propagation is from seeds that may germinate at nearly any time of the year, from early spring to late fall.
Identification:
Mature plants may be 18 inches tall, with profuse production of flowers and seeds. The basal leaves are lanceolate and with slightly wavy margins, but these leaves wither as the plant matures and produces stems. Leaves are alternate along the stem, and attach tightly to the stem with
Latin Name: Zygnematales
Common Name: Filamentous Green Algae
Other Names: N/A
Pest Details
Biology:
Identification:
Characteristicts Important to Control:
Latin Name: Richardia Scabra
Common Name: Florida Pusley
Other Names: Rough Mexican-clover
Pest Details
Origin:
Considered native to South America, but found commonly in the southeast United States and into the northeast, in Hawaii and Puerto Rico, and throughout Central America.
Biology:
A summer annual which reproduces by seeds. Growth is prostrate and spreading, forming thick patches over turf or other sites. Commonly found in dry, disturbed locations as well as turf.
Identification:
Mature plants remain low to the ground due to the spreading habit. Many stems arise from the base and form numerous branches. Stems and leaves are hairy, and the leaves are opposite, oval, and somewhat thickened. They attach to the stems without petioles. The roots of the plant are not thickened, distinguishing it from Brazil pusley. Flowers occur in small clusters at the ends of the stems, on short stalks that give
Latin Name: Polygonum Cilinode
Common Name: Fringed Black Bindweed
Other Names: Fringed bindweed, black-fringe bindweed
Pest Details
Origin:
A native vine found in the states east of the Mississippi and in Minnesota, but not generally in the extreme southern states.
Biology:
Considered an endangered plant in Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee, but a very common and somewhat invasive roadside and forest plant in some other areas. A perennial plant that grows vine-like over the soil or over other vegetation, often to the point of covering other plants.
Identification:
This vine is found in forested environments. The reddish stems are weak and twining and may be many feet in length. Leaves are distinctly heart shaped, shiny green to yellow-green, and up to 3 inches in length. The flowers are borne in elongated clusters about 3 to 4 inches in length, on stalks that arise from the base of the leaves. Each flower is white
Latin Name: Cyperus Croceus
Common Name: Globe Sedge
Other Names: Baldwin’s flatsedge
Pest Details
Origin:
A native plant in eastern North America, occurring from Pennsylvania south throughout Florida, and west to Texas, Oklahoma and Missouri. It also occurs in Latin America and the West Indies as well as eastern Asia.
Biology:
A perennial reproducing from seeds and spreading with rhizomes. A common weed in turf and landscape, as well as many other moist to dry habitats along roadsides or waste areas.
Identification:
Plants form dense tufts of stems and leaves at the base, and leaf blades are flat, smooth, and fairly stiff, allowing them to grow erect and not drooping. At the end of the stem several additional flattened leaves are produced laterally, and a number of short to long stalks also are produced which terminate in the flower heads. These are round to oval clusters of seeds about ½ inch in diameter.
Latin Name: Solidago Spp.
Common Name: Goldenrod
Other Names: N/A
Pest Details
Origin:
Over 150 species of goldenrod occur in North America, and some will be found in every state including Hawaii, throughout Canada and into Latin America and the West Indies. Many of the species are native plants in North America.
Biology:
The plants in this genus are perennials that reproduce from seeds and rhizomes. While a moist habitat is preferred by the plants they will occur in nearly any habitat, from turf to roadsides, nurseries, waste areas, fields and pastures and in ditches. Flowering occurs from mid-summer till late fall.
Identification:
The general appearance of the many species is very similar. Plants are erect and can be as tall as 6 to 7 feet. Large colonies will occur because of the growth from the spreading rhizomes. Each stem is unbranched until the flower heads. Leaves are alternate and lance-shaped with pointed tips,