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- Latin Name: Adelges abietis
- Latin Family Name: Adelgidae
- Common Name: Eastern spruce gall aphid
- Other Names: Pineapple gall adelgid
Origin:
Eastern spruce gall aphid is an introduced species from Europe.Biology:
The feeding of these adelgids on the tender stems of spruce and fir causes deformed sections, similar in appearance to cones or pineapples, which distort the stems and stunt the growth, usually girdling the stem at that point. A continuing infestation on a tree will seriously disfigure it, weaken it, and make it more susceptible to attack by other insect pests. Immature aphids overwinter in crevices in the bark of the tree, and in early spring mature to adults with wings. These now lay eggs on the new twigs, and these new nymphs begin feeding near the base of new buds, causing the tissues at that point to swell and form- Latin Name: Longistigma caryae
- Latin Family Name: Aphididae
- Common Name: Giant Bark Aphid
- Other Names: N/A
Origin:
Native to North America.Biology:
This is the largest aphid species occurring in the United States, and is found throughout the U.S. from north to south and east to western states. It infests a variety of hardwood trees, including oak, hickory, sycamore, willow, walnut, and pecan. Large populations can produce copious quantities of honeydew that drip onto surfaces below as well as sustain the growth of sooty mold. Their feeding can reduce the vigor and health of a tree, but whether or not they actually cause the death of trees is unknown. These aphids can be present on susceptible trees from mid-spring to the end of summer, although in the dry, arid southwestern states the heat of mid-summer may cause populations to- Latin Name: Aphis pomi
- Latin Family Name: Aphididae
- Common Name: Green Apple Aphid
- Other Names: Apple aphid
Origin:
Native to Europe.Biology:
A pest of apple and pear trees, as well as some ornamental trees such as hawthorn or ash, or shrubs such as rose and spiraea. Generally it restricts its feeding in an area to only 1 plant species. Feeding action by clusters of these aphids may cause moderate leaf curl. Eggs are the over-wintering stage, and these hatch to wingless females which are parthenogenic and which produce another generation without fertilization by males. These females produce living nymphs rather than depositing eggs, and up to 15 generations may occur in one season. Winged forms develop in the spring and migrate to other nearby host plants, and these winged females deposit eggs. In the fall both male and female- Latin Name: Myzus persicae
- Latin Family Name: Aphididae
- Common Name: Green Peach Aphid
- Other Names: N/A
Origin:
Native to Europe, where it was known as a pest of peach trees as early as 1761. Now found throughout the world and all of North America.Biology:
This aphid is a serious pest of plants grown for crops or ornamentals,- Latin Name: Schizaphis graminum
- Latin Family Name: Aphididae
- Common Name: Greenbug
- Other Names: N/A
Origin:
Believed to be native to Europe or Asia, but now found on continents throughout the world as a serious pest of grains.Biology:
In cold regions the females mate with males and then deposit eggs on grasses, with the eggs overwintering. In warmer climates most reproduction is done asexually with parthenogenesis, females giving birth to living nymphs at the rate of 5 young per day. Development to the adult stage takes only a week or slightly longer. This species feeds on over 70 different types of grasses, including many turf species and most grains.Identification:
A small aphid about 2 mm long as an adult, and with very typical features of aphids – long thin antennae, cornicles at the rear- Latin Name: Brachycaudus helichrysi
- Latin Family Name: Aphididae
- Common Name: Leaf Curl Plum Aphid
- Other Names: Leaf curl aphid
Origin:
Unknown, but it is found widely around the world and throughout the United States.Biology:
Over-winters as the eggs on prune, plum, and other trees in the genus Prunus. With the new growth of leaves in the spring the eggs hatch and the nymphs immediately begin feeding on the tender foliage, causing a severe twisting, curling, and distortion of the leaf, which ultimately may fall from the tree. Later generations with winged females then migrate to many other kinds of plants nearby, particularly those in the Aster or Sunflower family. It is a serious pest of chrysanthemums in greenhouses.Identification:
Typically this aphid is yellowish to light green in the summer,- Latin Name: Aphis gossypii
- Latin Family Name: Aphididae
- Common Name: Melon Aphid
- Other Names: Cotton aphid
Origin:
Not stated, but it is present throughout the world in tropical and moderate climates, and is found throughout the United States.Biology:
Another aphid known for transmitting various plant viruses, this species is recorded as feeding on many dozens of crop and ornamental plants. The aphids feed on the undersides of the leaves as well as on the growing tips, causing a chlorosis and often a loss of the leaf due to nutrient deficiency. The yellow mosaic virus is a serious plant pathogen vectored by this aphid, and it can be transferred to the plant within 15 seconds of feeding, despite the presence of residual insecticides on the plant that ultimately may kill the aphid. The eggs over-winter on a variety of plants, including- Latin Name: Aphis nerii
- Latin Family Name: Aphididae
- Common Name: Oleander Aphid
- Other Names: Milkweed aphid
Origin:
Since it is so common on oleander it is felt this aphid may have originated in the Mediterranean, where oleander comes from, but it now is present throughout the world and is common throughout the U.S. in the more temperate climates.Biology:
This is one of the most common and damaging aphids found on a wide variety of ornamental and agricultural plants. They appear in early spring with the growth of new leaves, feeding on the new bugs and developing large populations into the summer months. Stems can be completely covered with aphids for some length. This species appears to be wholly parthenogenetic, and males are never found. Females give birth to living nymphs, and adults are normally without wings. During periods- Latin Name: Pineus sp.
- Latin Family Name: Adelgidae
- Common Name: Pine & Spruce Aphid
- Other Names: Hemlock chermid, hemlock chermes, hemlock woolly aphid
Origin:
Native to eastern Asia but established in eastern North America from Georgia north to Massachusetts.Biology:
This introduced pest is a serious threat to species of hemlock trees in the eastern U.S. Females deposit their eggs in clusters of 100-300 eggs on the undersides of the foliage, and then cover the eggs with masses of white wax that give the insect its common name and provide a distinctive character for ID. Eggs hatch in the spring and this first stage is mobile, while the second instar nymph settles down to feed at one location. The adults are winged and capable of flying, but reproduce only asexually (parthenogenesis), as they would require species of hemlock- Latin Name: Pineus strobi
- Latin Family Name: Aphididae
- Common Name: Pine Bark Aphid
- Other Names: Pine bark adelgid
Origin:
This is a native insect in North America and is found widely where host pines are grown.Biology:
This species is a severe pest of white pine and other pines in eastern U.S., including nursery and landscape trees. It is recognized by the patches of white cottony wax on the bark of trunks and stems of the infested trees, as well as on buds and bases of needles. Heavy infestations may completely cover the trunk with wax. Older trees may withstand the insect feeding while younger trees may be killed. There may be up to 5 generations each year with feeding continuing into late fall. All stages may overwinter and eggs are laid in the spring, with both winged and wingless forms emerging. Winged forms may then spread